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  Plantae
    Viridiplantae
     Streptophyta
     Embryophyta
      Tracheophyta
        Spermatophytina
            Magnoliopsida
                  Caryophyllanae
                    Caryophyllales
                           [Aizoales]
                           [Alsinales]
                           [Amaranthales]
                           [Ancistrocladales]
                           [Atriplicales]
                           [Cactales]
                           [Chenopodiales]
                           [Dioncophyllales]
                           [Droserales]
                           [Frankeniales]
                           [Illecebrales]
                           [Mesembryanthemales]
                           [Nepenthales]
                           [Nyctaginales]
                           [Opuntiales]
                           [Paronychiales]
                           [Petiveriales]
                           [Physenales]
                           [Phytolaccales]
                           [Plumbaginales]
                           [Polygonales]
                           [Portulacales]
                           [Reaumuriales]
                           [Rhabdodendrales]
                           [Riviniales]
                           [Scleranthales]
                           [Silenales]
                           [Simmondsiales]
                           [Staticales]
                           [Stellariales]
                           [Tamaricales]
                           [Telephiales]
                            Caryophyllaceae
                                   [Alsinaceae]
                                   [Cerastiaceae]
                                   [Corrigiolaceae]
                                   [Dianthaceae]
                                   [Herniariaceae]
                                   [Illecebraceae]
                                   [Lychnidaceae]
                                   [Minuartiaceae]
                                   [Ortegaceae]
                                   [Paronychiaceae]
                                   [Polycarpaeaceae]
                                   [Sabulinaceae]
                                   [Saginaceae]
                                   [Scleranthaceae]
                                   [Silenaceae]
                                   [Spergulaceae]
                                   [Stellariaceae]
                                   [Telephiaceae]
                                     Achyronychia
                                             Achyronychia cooperi
                                     Agrostemma
                                             Agrostemma brachyloba
                                                   [Agrostemma gracilis]
                                             Agrostemma githago
                                               Agrostemma githago var. githago
                                     Alsinanthe
                                     Alsine
                                     Alsinopsis
                                             Alsinopsis occidentalis
                                     Anotites
                                     Anychia
                                             Anychia polygonoides
                                     Anychiastrum
                                             Anychiastrum montanum
                                     Cardionema
                                             Cardionema ramosissimum
                                                   [Loeflingia ramosissima]
                                     Cerastium
                                           [Cerastium vulgatum var. alpestre]
                                             Cerastium aleuticum
                                                   [Cerastium beeringianum var. aleuticum]
                                             Cerastium alpinum
                                               Cerastium alpinum ssp. alpinum
                                                     [Cerastium alpinum var. alpinum]
                                                     [Cerastium alpinum var. glanduliferum]
                                               Cerastium alpinum ssp. lanatum
                                                     [Cerastium alpinum ssp. squalidum]
                                                     [Cerastium alpinum var. robustum]
                                                     [Cerastium alpinum var. strigosum]
                                             Cerastium alsophilum
                                             Cerastium angustatum
                                             Cerastium arcticum
                                                   [Cerastium alpinum var. uniflorum]
                                                   [Cerastium arcticum ssp. hyperboreum]
                                                   [Cerastium arcticum ssp. procerum]
                                                   [Cerastium arcticum var. arcticum]
                                                   [Cerastium hyperboreum]
                                                   [Cerastium nigrescens ssp. arcticum]
                                             Cerastium arvense
                                               Cerastium arvense ssp. arvense
                                               Cerastium arvense ssp. strictum
                                                     [Cerastium arvense ssp. fuegianum]
                                                     [Cerastium arvense var. angustifolium]
                                                     [Cerastium arvense var. fuegianum]
                                                     [Cerastium arvense var. latifolium]
                                                     [Cerastium arvense var. purpurascens]
                                                     [Cerastium arvense var. viscidulum]
                                             Cerastium axillare
                                             Cerastium beeringianum
                                                   [Cerastium alpinum var. capillare]
                                                   [Cerastium beeringianum ssp. beeringianum]
                                                   [Cerastium beeringianum ssp. earlei]
                                                   [Cerastium beeringianum var. capillare]
                                                   [Cerastium beeringianum var. glabratum]
                                                   [Cerastium earlei]
                                                   [Cerastium pulchellum]
                                                   [Cerastium scammaniae]
                                             Cerastium bialynickii
                                             Cerastium biebersteinii
                                             Cerastium brachypetalum
                                                   [Cerastium brachypetalum ssp. brachypetalum]
                                                   [Cerastium brachypetalum ssp. tauricum]
                                             Cerastium brachypodum
                                                   [Cerastium adsurgens]
                                                   [Cerastium brachypodum var. compactum]
                                                   [Cerastium nutans var. brachypodum]
                                             Cerastium bracteatum
                                             Cerastium campestre
                                             Cerastium cerastoides
                                                   [Cerastium cerastioides]
                                                   [Cerastium lapponicum]
                                                   [Cerastium trigynum]
                                                   [Dichodon cerastioides]
                                                   [Dichodon cerastoides]
                                                   [Provencheria cerastioides]
                                                   [Provencheria cerastoides]
                                             Cerastium clawsonii
                                             Cerastium confertum
                                             Cerastium dichotomum
                                             Cerastium diffusum
                                                   [Cerastium tetrandrum]
                                             Cerastium dubium
                                                   [Dichodon viscidum]
                                             Cerastium effusum
                                             Cerastium elongatum
                                             Cerastium fastigiatum
                                             Cerastium fischerianum
                                             Cerastium fontanum
                                               Cerastium fontanum ssp. fontanum
                                                     [Cerastium fontanum ssp. scandicum]
                                               Cerastium fontanum ssp. vulgare
                                                     [Cerastium fontanum ssp. holosteoides]
                                                     [Cerastium fontanum ssp. triviale]
                                                     [Cerastium holosteoides var. vulgare]
                                                     [Cerastium vulgatum var. hirsutum]
                                                     [Cerastium vulgatum var. holosteoides]
                                             Cerastium fuegianum
                                             Cerastium glomeratum
                                                   [Cerastium acutatum]
                                                   [Cerastium glomeratum var. apetalum]
                                                   [Cerastium viscosum]
                                             Cerastium gracile
                                             Cerastium graminifolium
                                             Cerastium holosteoides
                                             Cerastium lanatum
                                             Cerastium latifolium
                                             Cerastium longepedunculatum
                                             Cerastium maximum
                                                   [Dichodon maximum]
                                             Cerastium nigrescens
                                             Cerastium nitidum
                                             Cerastium nutans
                                               Cerastium nutans var. nutans
                                                     [Cerastium nutans var. occidentale]
                                               Cerastium nutans var. obtectum
                                             Cerastium oblongifolium
                                             Cerastium occidentale
                                             Cerastium oreophilum
                                             Cerastium patulum
                                             Cerastium pauciflorum
                                             Cerastium pumilum
                                                   [Cerastium glutinosum]
                                                   [Cerastium pumilum ssp. pallens]
                                                   [Cerastium pumilum ssp. pumilum]
                                             Cerastium regelii
                                                   [Cerastium gorodkovianum]
                                                   [Cerastium jenisejense]
                                                   [Cerastium regelii ssp. caespitosum]
                                                   [Cerastium regelii ssp. regelii]
                                             Cerastium scopulorum
                                             Cerastium semidecandrum
                                             Cerastium sericeum
                                             Cerastium siculum
                                             Cerastium sonnei
                                             Cerastium squalidum
                                             Cerastium strictum
                                             Cerastium subulatum
                                             Cerastium tenuifolium
                                             Cerastium terrae-novae
                                                   [Cerastium beeringianum ssp. terrae-novae]
                                             Cerastium texanum
                                                   [Cerastium sordidum]
                                             Cerastium thermale
                                             Cerastium tomentosum
                                             Cerastium triviale
                                             Cerastium velutinum
                                               Cerastium velutinum var. velutinum
                                                     [Cerastium arvense ssp. velutinum]
                                                     [Cerastium arvense var. bracteatum]
                                                     [Cerastium arvense var. oblongifolium]
                                                     [Cerastium arvense var. webbii]
                                               Cerastium velutinum var. villosissimum
                                                     [Cerastium arvense var. villosissimum]
                                             Cerastium vestitum
                                             Cerastium villosum
                                             Cerastium viride
                                                   [Cerastium arvense ssp. maximum]
                                                   [Cerastium arvense var. maximum]
                                             Cerastium vulgatum
                                     Conosilene
                                             Conosilene conica
                                     Coronaria
                                     Corrigiola
                                             Corrigiola litoralis
                                               Corrigiola litoralis ssp. litoralis
                                     Cucubalus
                                     Dianthus
                                             Dianthus arenarius
                                             Dianthus armeria
                                               Dianthus armeria ssp. armeria
                                             Dianthus barbatus
                                               Dianthus barbatus ssp. barbatus
                                             Dianthus carthusianorum
                                                   [Dianthus atrorubens]
                                             Dianthus caryophyllus
                                             Dianthus chinensis
                                             Dianthus deltoides
                                               Dianthus deltoides ssp. deltoides
                                             Dianthus fragrans
                                             Dianthus gratianopolitanus
                                             Dianthus plumarius
                                             Dianthus repens
                                             Dianthus seguieri
                                             Dianthus sternbergii
                                             Dianthus superbus
                                             Dianthus sylvestris
                                     Dichodon
                                     Drymaria
                                             Drymaria arenarioides
                                             Drymaria cordata
                                                   [Drymaria cordata ssp. cordata]
                                                   [Drymaria cordata ssp. diandra]
                                                   [Drymaria cordata var. cordata]
                                                   [Drymaria cordata var. pacifica]
                                                   [Drymaria diandra]
                                                   [Holosteum cordata]
                                             Drymaria depressa
                                                   [Drymaria effusa var. depressa]
                                             Drymaria effusa
                                               Drymaria effusa var. effusa
                                             Drymaria fendleri
                                             Drymaria glandulosa
                                               Drymaria glandulosa var. glandulosa
                                             Drymaria gracilis
                                             Drymaria laxiflora
                                             Drymaria leptophylla
                                               Drymaria leptophylla var. leptophylla
                                             Drymaria molluginea
                                                   [Drymaria sperguloides]
                                             Drymaria pachyphylla
                                             Drymaria tenella
                                             Drymaria viscosa
                                     Eremogone
                                             Eremogone aberrans
                                             Eremogone aculeata
                                             Eremogone americana
                                             Eremogone capillaris
                                               Eremogone capillaris var. americana
                                               Eremogone capillaris var. capillaris
                                             Eremogone cliftonii
                                             Eremogone congesta
                                               Eremogone congesta var. cephaloidea
                                               Eremogone congesta var. charlestonensis
                                               Eremogone congesta var. congesta
                                               Eremogone congesta var. crassula
                                               Eremogone congesta var. lithophila
                                               Eremogone congesta var. prolifera
                                               Eremogone congesta var. simulans
                                               Eremogone congesta var. subcongesta
                                               Eremogone congesta var. suffrutescens
                                             Eremogone eastwoodiae
                                               Eremogone eastwoodiae var. adenophora
                                               Eremogone eastwoodiae var. eastwoodiae
                                             Eremogone fendleri
                                             Eremogone ferrisiae
                                             Eremogone franklinii
                                               Eremogone franklinii var. franklinii
                                               Eremogone franklinii var. thompsonii
                                             Eremogone gypsophiloides
                                             Eremogone hookeri
                                               Eremogone hookeri var. hookeri
                                                     [Eremogone hookeri ssp. desertorum]
                                               Eremogone hookeri var. pinetorum
                                                     [Eremogone hookeri ssp. pinetorum]
                                             Eremogone kingii
                                               Eremogone kingii var. glabrescens
                                                     [Eremogone kingii ssp. uintahensis]
                                               Eremogone kingii var. kingii
                                             Eremogone macradenia
                                               Eremogone macradenia var. arcuifolia
                                               Eremogone macradenia var. macradenia
                                             Eremogone parishiorum
                                             Eremogone pumicola
                                             Eremogone stenomeres
                                             Eremogone ursina
                                     Gastrolychnis
                                             Gastrolychnis affinis
                                             Gastrolychnis angustifolia
                                             Gastrolychnis apetala
                                             Gastrolychnis drummondii
                                             Gastrolychnis involucrata
                                             Gastrolychnis macrosperma
                                             Gastrolychnis soczaviana
                                             Gastrolychnis triflora
                                             Gastrolychnis uralensis
                                     Gastronychia
                                     Geocarpon
                                           [Geocapron]
                                             Geocarpon minimum
                                                   [Geocapron minimum]
                                     Gibbesia
                                     Gymnocarpos
                                             Gymnocarpos przewalskii
                                     Gypsophila
                                             Gypsophila acutifolia
                                             Gypsophila arrostii
                                             Gypsophila cerastoides
                                             Gypsophila elegans
                                                   [Gypsophila elegans var. elegans]
                                             Gypsophila muralis
                                                   [Psammophiliella muralis]
                                             Gypsophila oldhamiana
                                             Gypsophila pacifica
                                                   [Gypsophila perfoliata var. latifolia]
                                             Gypsophila paniculata
                                                   [Gypsophila paniculata var. paniculata]
                                             Gypsophila perfoliata
                                                   [Gypsophila perfoliata var. perfoliata]
                                             Gypsophila pilosa
                                                   [Gypsophila porrigens]
                                                   [Pseudosaponaria pilosa]
                                                   [Saponaria porrigens]
                                             Gypsophila repens
                                             Gypsophila scorzonerifolia
                                                   [Gypsophila acorzonerifolia]
                                             Gypsophila stevenii
                                     Herniaria
                                             Herniaria cinerea
                                             Herniaria glabra
                                             Herniaria hirsuta
                                               Herniaria hirsuta var. cinerea
                                                     [Herniaria hirsuta ssp. cinerea]
                                               Herniaria hirsuta var. hirsuta
                                                     [Herniaria hirsuta ssp. hirsuta]
                                             Herniaria incana
                                     Holosteum
                                             Holosteum umbellatum
                                                   [Holosteum umbelatum]
                                               Holosteum umbellatum ssp. umbellatum
                                     Honckenya
                                             Honckenya diffusa
                                             Honckenya oblongifolia
                                             Honckenya peploides
                                               Honckenya peploides ssp. diffusa
                                               Honckenya peploides ssp. major
                                                     [Honckenya peploides var. major]
                                               Honckenya peploides ssp. peploides
                                               Honckenya peploides ssp. robusta
                                                     [Honckenya peploides var. robusta]
                                     Illecebrum
                                             Illecebrum densum
                                             Illecebrum verticillatum
                                     Kohlrauschia
                                     Lepyrodiclis
                                             Lepyrodiclis holosteoides
                                     Loeflingia
                                             Loeflingia squarrosa
                                                   [Loeflingia pusilla]
                                                   [Loeflingia squarrosa ssp. artemisiarum]
                                                   [Loeflingia squarrosa ssp. cactorum]
                                                   [Loeflingia squarrosa ssp. squarrosa]
                                                   [Loeflingia squarrosa var. artemisiarum]
                                                   [Loeflingia squarrosa var. squarrosa]
                                                   [Loeflingia squarrosa var. texana]
                                                   [Loeflingia texana]
                                     Malachium
                                     Merckia
                                     Minuartia
                                             Minuartia arctica
                                             Minuartia austromontana
                                             Minuartia biflora
                                             Minuartia californica
                                                   [Minuartia pusilla var. diffusa]
                                             Minuartia caroliniana
                                                   [Minuopsis caroliniana]
                                                   [Sabulina caroliniana]
                                             Minuartia cismontana
                                             Minuartia cumberlandensis
                                             Minuartia dawsonensis
                                                   [Alsinanthe stricta ssp. dawsonensis]
                                             Minuartia decumbens
                                             Minuartia douglasii
                                                   [Minuartia douglasii var. douglasii]
                                                   [Minuartia douglasii var. emarginata]
                                             Minuartia drummondii
                                             Minuartia elegans
                                                   [Alsinanthe elegans]
                                                   [Alsine elegans]
                                                   [Minuartia orthotrichoides]
                                                   [Minuartia rossii var. elegans]
                                             Minuartia glabra
                                                   [Minuartia groenlandica ssp. glabra]
                                                   [Porsildia groenlandica ssp. glabra]
                                                   [Sabulina glabra]
                                             Minuartia godfreyi
                                             Minuartia graminifolia
                                             Minuartia groenlandica
                                                   [Porsildia groenlandica]
                                                   [Sabulina groenlandica]
                                             Minuartia howellii
                                             Minuartia hybrida
                                                   [Minuartia tenuifolia]
                                             Minuartia laricifolia
                                             Minuartia macrantha
                                                   [Alsinanthe macrantha]
                                                   [Minuartia filiorum]
                                             Minuartia macrocarpa
                                                   [Minuartia macrocarpa var. rosea]
                                             Minuartia marcescens
                                             Minuartia michauxii
                                                   [Minuartia michauxii var. michauxii]
                                                   [Minuartia michauxii var. texana]
                                                   [Minuopsis michauxii]
                                                   [Sabulina stricta]
                                             Minuartia muscorum
                                                   [Minuartia muriculata]
                                             Minuartia nuttallii
                                               Minuartia nuttallii var. fragilis
                                                     [Minuartia nuttallii ssp. fragilis]
                                               Minuartia nuttallii var. gracilis
                                                     [Minuartia nuttallii ssp. gracilis]
                                               Minuartia nuttallii var. gregaria
                                                     [Minuartia nuttallii ssp. gregaria]
                                               Minuartia nuttallii var. nuttallii
                                                     [Minuartia nuttallii ssp. nuttallii]
                                             Minuartia obtusiloba
                                                   [Alsinopsis obtusiloba]
                                                   [Minuartia sajanensis]
                                             Minuartia patula
                                                   [Minuartia patula var. patula]
                                                   [Sabulina patula]
                                             Minuartia pungens
                                             Minuartia pusilla
                                                   [Minuartia pusilla var. pusilla]
                                             Minuartia rosei
                                             Minuartia rossii
                                                   [Alsinanthe rossii]
                                                   [Alsinopsis rossii]
                                                   [Minuartia rolfii]
                                             Minuartia rubella
                                                   [Minuartia rossii var. orthotrichoides]
                                                   [Tryphane rubella]
                                             Minuartia stolonifera
                                             Minuartia stricta
                                                   [Alsinanthe stricta]
                                             Minuartia tenella
                                             Minuartia uniflora
                                                   [Minuartia alabamensis]
                                                   [Sabulina brevifolia]
                                             Minuartia verna
                                             Minuartia yukonensis
                                     Minuopsis
                                             Minuopsis nuttallii
                                     Moehringia
                                             Moehringia lateriflora
                                             Moehringia macrophylla
                                                   [Moehringia macrophyllum]
                                             Moehringia trinervia
                                     Moenchia
                                             Moenchia erecta
                                               Moenchia erecta ssp. erecta
                                             Moenchia speciosa
                                     Myosoton
                                             Myosoton aquaticum
                                                   [Alsine aquatica]
                                                   [Cerastium aquaticum]
                                                   [Malachium aquaticum]
                                     Oberna
                                             Oberna multifida
                                     Odontonychia
                                     Paronychia
                                           [Nyachia]
                                             Paronychia ahartii
                                             Paronychia americana
                                                   [Paronychia americana ssp. americana]
                                                   [Paronychia americana ssp. pauciflora]
                                                   [Siphonychia americana]
                                                   [Siphonychia pauciflora]
                                             Paronychia argyrocoma
                                                   [Paronychia argyrocoma ssp. albimontana]
                                                   [Paronychia argyrocoma var. albimontana]
                                             Paronychia baldwinii
                                                   [Anychiastrum baldwinii]
                                                   [Anychiastrum riparium]
                                                   [Paronychia baldwinii ssp. baldwinii]
                                                   [Paronychia baldwinii ssp. riparia]
                                                   [Paronychia baldwinii var. ciliata]
                                                   [Paronychia riparia]
                                             Paronychia canadensis
                                                   [Anychia canadensis]
                                                   [Anychia dichotoma]
                                                   [Paronychia dichotoma]
                                             Paronychia chartacea
                                               Paronychia chartacea var. chartacea
                                                     [Paronychia chartacea ssp. chartacea]
                                               Paronychia chartacea var. minima
                                                     [Paronychia chartacea ssp. minima]
                                             Paronychia chorizanthoides
                                             Paronychia congesta
                                             Paronychia depressa
                                                   [Paronychia depressa var. brevicuspis]
                                                   [Paronychia depressa var. depressa]
                                                   [Paronychia depressa var. diffusa]
                                                   [Paronychia diffusa]
                                             Paronychia drummondii
                                                   [Paronychia drummondii ssp. parviflora]
                                                   [Paronychia drummondii var. drummondii]
                                             Paronychia echinulata
                                               Paronychia echinulata var. echinulata
                                             Paronychia erecta
                                                   [Odontonychia corymbosa]
                                                   [Odontonychia erecta]
                                                   [Paronychia erecta var. corymbosa]
                                                   [Paronychia erecta var. erecta]
                                                   [Siphonychia erecta]
                                             Paronychia fastigiata
                                               Paronychia fastigiata var. fastigiata
                                                     [Paronychia fastigiata var. paleacea]
                                                     [Paronychia fastigiata var. typica]
                                               Paronychia fastigiata var. nuttallii
                                               Paronychia fastigiata var. pumila
                                             Paronychia franciscana
                                                   [Paronychia francisana]
                                             Paronychia herniarioides
                                                   [Gastronychia herniarioides]
                                             Paronychia jamesii
                                                   [Paronychia jamesii var. hirsuta]
                                                   [Paronychia jamesii var. parviflora]
                                                   [Paronychia jamesii var. praelongifolia]
                                                   [Paronychia wardii]
                                             Paronychia jonesii
                                             Paronychia lindheimeri
                                               Paronychia lindheimeri var. lindheimeri
                                               Paronychia lindheimeri var. longibracteata
                                             Paronychia maccartii
                                             Paronychia montana
                                             Paronychia monticola
                                                   [Paronychia nudata]
                                             Paronychia patula
                                                   [Siphonychia diffusa]
                                             Paronychia pulvinata
                                                   [Paronychia pulvinata var. longiaristata]
                                                   [Paronychia pulvinata var. pulvinata]
                                                   [Paronychia sessiliflora ssp. pulvinata]
                                             Paronychia rugelii
                                                   [Gibbesia rugelii]
                                                   [Odontonychia interior]
                                                   [Paronychia rugelii var. interior]
                                                   [Paronychia rugelii var. rugelii]
                                                   [Siphonychia interior]
                                                   [Siphonychia rugelii]
                                                   [Siphonychia rugellii]
                                             Paronychia sessiliflora
                                             Paronychia setacea
                                                   [Paronychia lundelliorum]
                                                   [Paronychia lundellorum]
                                                   [Paronychia setacea var. longibracteata]
                                                   [Paronychia setacea var. setacea]
                                             Paronychia virginica
                                                   [Paronychia parksii]
                                                   [Paronychia scoparia]
                                                   [Paronychia virginica var. parksii]
                                                   [Paronychia virginica var. scoparia]
                                                   [Paronychia virginica var. virginica]
                                             Paronychia wilkinsonii
                                     Petrorhagia
                                           [Petrophagia]
                                             Petrorhagia dubia
                                                   [Dianthus velutinus]
                                                   [Kohlrauschia velutina]
                                                   [Petrophagia velutina]
                                                   [Petrorhagia velutina]
                                                   [Tunica velutina]
                                             Petrorhagia nanteuilii
                                                   [Petrophagia nanteuilli]
                                             Petrorhagia prolifera
                                                   [Dianthus prolifer]
                                                   [Petrophagia prolifera]
                                                   [Tunica prolifera]
                                             Petrorhagia saxifraga
                                                   [Petrophagia saxifraga]
                                               Petrorhagia saxifraga var. saxifraga
                                     Pleconax
                                             Pleconax conica
                                     Pollichia
                                             Pollichia campestris
                                     Polycarpaea
                                             Polycarpaea corymbosa
                                                   [Polycarpaea nebulosa]
                                     Polycarpon
                                             Polycarpon alsinifolium
                                                   [Polycarpon tetraphyllum ssp. alsinifolium]
                                             Polycarpon depressum
                                             Polycarpon tetraphyllum
                                               Polycarpon tetraphyllum ssp. tetraphyllum
                                     Porsildia
                                     Provencheria
                                     Psammophiliella
                                     Pseudosaponaria
                                     Pseudostellaria
                                             Pseudostellaria jamesiana
                                                   [Alsine glutinosa]
                                                   [Alsine jamesiana]
                                                   [Alsine jamesii]
                                             Pseudostellaria oxyphylla
                                                   [Alsine oxyphylla]
                                             Pseudostellaria sierrae
                                     Sabulina
                                     Saponaria
                                             Saponaria ocymoides
                                             Saponaria officinalis
                                                   [Lychnis saponaria]
                                                   [Saponaria officinalis var. glaberrima]
                                             Saponaria pumilio
                                                   [Silene pumilio]
                                     Schiedea
                                           [Alsinidendron]
                                             Schiedea adamantis
                                             Schiedea amplexicaulis
                                             Schiedea apokremnos
                                             Schiedea attenuata
                                             Schiedea diffusa
                                               Schiedea diffusa ssp. diffusa
                                                     [Schiedea diffusa var. angustifolia]
                                               Schiedea diffusa ssp. macraei
                                                     [Schiedea diffusa var. macraei]
                                             Schiedea globosa
                                                   [Schiedea globosa var. foliosior]
                                                   [Schiedea globosa var. globosa]
                                                   [Schiedea globosa var. graminifolia]
                                                   [Schiedea remyi var. foliosa]
                                                   [Schiedea remyi var. multinervia]
                                                   [Schiedea remyi]
                                             Schiedea haleakalensis
                                             Schiedea hawaiiensis
                                             Schiedea helleri
                                             Schiedea hookeri
                                                   [Schiedea hookeri var. acrisepala]
                                                   [Schiedea hookeri var. intercedens]
                                             Schiedea implexa
                                             Schiedea jacobii
                                             Schiedea kaalae
                                                   [Schiedea kaalae var. acutifolia]
                                             Schiedea kauaiensis
                                             Schiedea kealiae
                                             Schiedea laui
                                             Schiedea ligustrina
                                                   [Schiedea ligustrima]
                                                   [Schiedea ligustrina var. nematopoda]
                                             Schiedea lychnoides
                                                   [Alsinidendron lychnoides]
                                             Schiedea lydgatei
                                                   [Schiedea lydgatei var. attenuata]
                                             Schiedea mannii
                                             Schiedea membranacea
                                             Schiedea menziesii
                                                   [Schiedea menziesii var. forbesii]
                                                   [Schiedea menziesii var. lihauensis]
                                                   [Schiedea menziesii var. spergulacea]
                                             Schiedea nuttallii
                                                   [Schiedea nuttallii var. intermedia]
                                                   [Schiedea nuttallii var. molokaiensis]
                                             Schiedea obovata
                                                   [Alsinidendron obovatum var. parvifolium]
                                                   [Alsinidendron obovatum]
                                             Schiedea pentandra
                                                   [Schiedea pubescens var. purpurascens]
                                             Schiedea perlmanii
                                                   [Schiedea nuttallii var. lihuensis]
                                                   [Schiedea nuttallii var. pauciflora]
                                             Schiedea pubescens
                                                   [Schiedea pubescens var. degeneri]
                                                   [Schiedea pubescens var. hillebrandii]
                                                   [Schiedea pubescens var. lanaiensis]
                                                   [Schiedea pubescens var. pubescens]
                                             Schiedea salicaria
                                             Schiedea sarmentosa
                                             Schiedea spergulina
                                                   [Schiedea spergulina var. degeneriana]
                                                   [Schiedea spergulina var. leiopoda]
                                                   [Schiedea spergulina var. major]
                                                   [Schiedea spergulina var. spergulina]
                                             Schiedea stellarioides
                                                   [Schiedea stellarioides var. brevifolia]
                                                   [Schiedea stellarioides var. hillebrandii]
                                                   [Schiedea stellarioides var. implexoides]
                                                   [Schiedea stellarioides var. longifolia]
                                             Schiedea trinervis
                                                   [Alsinidendron trinerve]
                                             Schiedea verticillata
                                             Schiedea viscosa
                                                   [Alsinidendron viscosum]
                                                   [Schiedea viscosa var. laevis]
                                     Scleranthus
                                             Scleranthus annuus
                                               Scleranthus annuus ssp. annuus
                                             Scleranthus perennis
                                               Scleranthus perennis ssp. perennis
                                     Scopulophila
                                             Scopulophila rixfordii
                                     Silene
                                           [Lychnis]
                                           [Melandrium]
                                             Silene X hampeana
                                                   [Silene X intermedia]
                                             Silene acaulis
                                                   [Silene acaulis ssp. arctica]
                                                   [Silene acaulis ssp. subacaulescens]
                                                   [Silene acaulis var. acaulis]
                                                   [Silene acaulis var. artica]
                                                   [Silene acaulis var. exscapa]
                                                   [Silene acaulis var. subacaulescens]
                                                   [Silene acaulis var. subaculescens]
                                             Silene alexandri
                                             Silene antirrhina
                                                   [Silene antirrhina var. confinis]
                                                   [Silene antirrhina var. depauperata]
                                                   [Silene antirrhina var. divaricata]
                                                   [Silene antirrhina var. laevigata]
                                                   [Silene antirrhina var. subglaber]
                                                   [Silene antirrhina var. vaccarifolia]
                                             Silene aperta
                                             Silene apetala
                                             Silene armeria
                                             Silene atropurpurea
                                                   [Viscaria atropurpurea]
                                             Silene attenuata
                                             Silene bernardina
                                                   [Silene bernardina ssp. bernardina]
                                                   [Silene bernardina ssp. maguirei]
                                                   [Silene montana ssp. bernardina]
                                                   [Silene montana var. montana]
                                                   [Silene montana var. rigidula]
                                                   [Silene montana var. sierrae]
                                                   [Silene shockleyi]
                                             Silene bridgesii
                                             Silene californica
                                             Silene campanulata
                                               Silene campanulata ssp. campanulata
                                               Silene campanulata ssp. glandulosa
                                                     [Silene campanulata ssp. greenei]
                                                     [Silene campanulata var. greenei]
                                                     [Silene campanulata var. orbiculata]
                                             Silene caroliniana
                                               Silene caroliniana ssp. caroliniana
                                               Silene caroliniana ssp. pensylvanica
                                                     [Silene caroliniana var. pensylvanica]
                                               Silene caroliniana ssp. wherryi
                                                     [Silene caroliniana var. wherryi]
                                             Silene catesbaei
                                                   [Cucubalus polypetalus]
                                                   [Melandrium baldwinii]
                                                   [Silene baldwinii]
                                                   [Silene polypetala]
                                             Silene chalcedonica
                                                   [Lychnis chalcedonica]
                                             Silene chlorantha
                                             Silene coeli-rosa
                                                   [Lychnis coeli-rosa]
                                             Silene conica
                                               Silene conica ssp. conica
                                             Silene coniflora
                                                   [Silene multinervia]
                                             Silene conoidea
                                                   [Conosilene conica ssp. conoidea]
                                                   [Pleconax conoidea]
                                             Silene coronaria
                                                   [Agrostemma coronaria]
                                                   [Coronaria coriacea]
                                                   [Lychnis coronaria]
                                             Silene cryptopetala
                                                   [Silene cryptopetalia]
                                             Silene csereii
                                                   [Silene cserei]
                                             Silene degeneri
                                             Silene dichotoma
                                               Silene dichotoma ssp. dichotoma
                                             Silene dioica
                                                   [Lychnis dioica]
                                                   [Melandrium dioicum ssp. rubrum]
                                                   [Melandrium dioicum]
                                                   [Melandrium rubrum]
                                             Silene douglasii
                                               Silene douglasii var. douglasii
                                                     [Silene douglasii var. monantha]
                                                     [Silene douglasii var. villosa]
                                               Silene douglasii var. oraria
                                               Silene douglasii var. rupinae
                                             Silene drummondii
                                               Silene drummondii ssp. drummondii
                                                     [Silene drummondii var. drummondii]
                                                     [Silene drummondii var. kruckebergii]
                                               Silene drummondii ssp. striata
                                                     [Lychnis drummondii var. heterochroma]
                                                     [Lychnis drummondii var. striata]
                                                     [Silene drummondii var. striata]
                                             Silene flos-cuculi
                                                   [Coronaria flos-cuculi]
                                                   [Lychnis flos-cuculi]
                                               Silene flos-cuculi ssp. flos-cuculi
                                             Silene flos-jovis
                                                   [Lychnis flos-jovis]
                                             Silene fulgens
                                                   [Lychnis cognata]
                                                   [Lychnis fulgens]
                                             Silene furcata
                                             Silene gallica
                                                   [Silene anglica]
                                             Silene grandis
                                             Silene grayi
                                             Silene hallii
                                             Silene hawaiiensis
                                             Silene hitchguirei
                                                   [Lychnis apetala ssp. montana]
                                                   [Lychnis apetala var. montana]
                                                   [Lychnis montana]
                                                   [Silene montana var. viscida]
                                                   [Silene uralensis ssp. montana]
                                                   [Silene wahlbergella ssp. montana]
                                                   [Wahlbergella montana]
                                             Silene hookeri
                                               Silene hookeri ssp. bolanderi
                                               Silene hookeri ssp. hookeri
                                                     [Silene hookeri ssp. pulverulenta]
                                             Silene inaperta
                                             Silene ingramii
                                             Silene invisa
                                             Silene involucrata
                                               Silene involucrata ssp. involucrata
                                                     [Gastrolychnis involucrata ssp. elatior]
                                                     [Lychnis apetela var. elatior]
                                                     [Lychnis furcata ssp. elatior]
                                                     [Lychnis triflora var. elatior]
                                                     [Melandrium affine var. brachycalyx]
                                                     [Silene involucrata ssp. elatior]
                                               Silene involucrata ssp. tenella
                                                     [Gastrolychnis angustifolia ssp. tenella]
                                                     [Gastrolychnis involucrata ssp. tenella]
                                                     [Melandrium angustiflorum ssp. tenellum]
                                             Silene italica
                                               Silene italica ssp. nemoralis
                                             Silene kingii
                                                   [Gastrolychnis kingii]
                                                   [Lychnis apetala var. kingii]
                                                   [Lychnis kingii]
                                                   [Melandrium kingii]
                                                   [Wahlbergella kingii]
                                             Silene laciniata
                                               Silene laciniata ssp. californica
                                               Silene laciniata ssp. greggii
                                                     [Silene laciniata var. greggii]
                                               Silene laciniata ssp. laciniata
                                                     [Silene laciniata ssp. brandegeei]
                                                     [Silene laciniata ssp. brandegei]
                                                     [Silene laciniata ssp. major]
                                                     [Silene laciniata var. laciniata]
                                                     [Silene laciniata var. major]
                                             Silene lanceolata
                                                   [Silene lanceolata var. angustifolia]
                                                   [Silene lanceolata var. forbesii]
                                                   [Silene lanceolata var. hillebrandii]
                                             Silene latifolia
                                                   [Lychnis X loveae]
                                                   [Lychnis alba]
                                                   [Lychnis vespertina]
                                                   [Melandrium album]
                                                   [Silene alba]
                                                   [Silene latifolia ssp. alba]
                                                   [Silene pratensis]
                                             Silene lemmonii
                                             Silene lyallii
                                             Silene macrosperma
                                             Silene marmorensis
                                             Silene menziesii
                                                   [Anotites dorrii]
                                                   [Anotites menziesii]
                                                   [Anotites viscosa]
                                                   [Silene dorrii]
                                                   [Silene menziesii ssp. dorrii]
                                                   [Silene menziesii ssp. menziesii]
                                                   [Silene obovata]
                                             Silene mongolica
                                             Silene montana
                                             Silene nachlingerae
                                             Silene nivea
                                             Silene noctiflora
                                                   [Melandrium noctiflorum]
                                             Silene nocturna
                                                   [Silene nocturum]
                                             Silene nuda
                                                   [Silene insectivora]
                                                   [Silene nuda ssp. insectivora]
                                                   [Silene nuda ssp. nuda]
                                                   [Silene pectinata]
                                             Silene nutans
                                             Silene occidentalis
                                                   [Silene occidentalis ssp. longistipitata]
                                                   [Silene occidentalis ssp. occidentalis]
                                             Silene oraria
                                             Silene oregana
                                             Silene ostenfeldii
                                                   [Gastrolychnis ostenfeldii]
                                                   [Gastrolychnis taimyrensis]
                                                   [Gastrolychnis triflora ssp. dawsonii]
                                                   [Lychnis taimyrensis]
                                                   [Lychnis triflora ssp. dawsonii]
                                                   [Lychnis triflora var. dawsonii]
                                                   [Melandrium ostenfeldii]
                                                   [Silene taimyrensis]
                                             Silene ovata
                                             Silene pacifica
                                             Silene parishii
                                                   [Silene parishii var. latifolia]
                                                   [Silene parishii var. parishii]
                                                   [Silene parishii var. viscida]
                                             Silene parryi
                                                   [Silene douglasii var. macounii]
                                                   [Silene macounii]
                                                   [Silene scouleri var. macounii]
                                                   [Silene tetonensis]
                                                   [Wahlbergella parryi]
                                             Silene pendula
                                             Silene pensylvanica
                                             Silene perlmanii
                                             Silene petersonii
                                                   [Silene clokeyi]
                                                   [Silene petersonii var. minor]
                                                   [Silene petersonii var. petersonii]
                                             Silene plankii
                                             Silene pseudatocion
                                             Silene pulverulenta
                                             Silene rectiramea
                                             Silene regia
                                             Silene repens
                                                   [Silene purpurata]
                                                   [Silene repens ssp. australis]
                                                   [Silene repens ssp. purpurata]
                                                   [Silene repens ssp. repens]
                                                   [Silene repens var. australis]
                                                   [Silene repens var. costata]
                                             Silene rotundifolia
                                             Silene rupestris
                                             Silene salmonacea
                                             Silene sargentii
                                                   [Silene watsonii]
                                             Silene scaposa
                                                   [Silene scaposa var. lobata]
                                                   [Silene scaposa var. scaposa]
                                             Silene scouleri
                                               Silene scouleri ssp. hallii
                                               Silene scouleri ssp. pringlei
                                               Silene scouleri ssp. scouleri
                                                     [Silene scouleri ssp. grandis]
                                             Silene secundiflora
                                                   [Silene glauca]
                                             Silene seelyi
                                                   [Anotites seelyi]
                                                   [Silene seeleyi]
                                             Silene serpentinicola
                                             Silene sibirica
                                                   [Cucubalus sibiricus]
                                                   [Melandrium sibiricum]
                                             Silene soczaviana
                                             Silene songarica
                                                   [Melandrium mongolicum]
                                                   [Melandrium mongolicus]
                                             Silene sorensenis
                                                   [Lychnis sorensenis]
                                                   [Lychnis triflora]
                                                   [Melandrium triflorum]
                                             Silene spaldingii
                                             Silene stellata
                                                   [Lychnis stellata var. scabrella]
                                                   [Silene stellata var. scabrella]
                                             Silene struthioloides
                                                   [Silene hawaiiensis var. kaupoana]
                                             Silene subciliata
                                             Silene suecica
                                                   [Lychnis alpina f. albiflora]
                                                   [Lychnis alpina var. albiflora]
                                                   [Lychnis alpina var. alpina]
                                                   [Lychnis alpina var. americana]
                                                   [Lychnis alpina]
                                                   [Viscaria alpina ssp. americana]
                                                   [Viscaria alpina]
                                                   [Viscaria americana]
                                             Silene suksdorfii
                                             Silene tayloriae
                                             Silene thurberi
                                             Silene uniflora
                                                   [Silene maritima]
                                                   [Silene vulgaris ssp. maritima]
                                             Silene uralensis
                                               Silene uralensis ssp. ogilviensis
                                                     [Gastrolychnis soczaviana ssp. ogilviensis]
                                                     [Melandrium apetalum ssp. ogilviense]
                                               Silene uralensis ssp. porsildii
                                                     [Lychnis apetala var. macrosperma]
                                               Silene uralensis ssp. uralensis
                                                     [Gastrolychnis apetala ssp. arctica]
                                                     [Gastrolychnis apetala ssp. uralensis]
                                                     [Lychnis apetala ssp. attenuata]
                                                     [Lychnis apetala var. arctica]
                                                     [Lychnis apetala var. attenuata]
                                                     [Lychnis apetala var. glabra]
                                                     [Melandrium apetalum ssp. arcticum]
                                                     [Melandrium apetalum ssp. attenuatum]
                                                     [Melandrium apetalum var. glabrum]
                                                     [Silene uralensis ssp. apetala]
                                                     [Silene uralensis ssp. attenuata]
                                                     [Silene wahlbergella ssp. arctica]
                                                     [Silene wahlbergella ssp. attenuata]
                                             Silene verecunda
                                                   [Silene andersonii]
                                                   [Silene occidentalis var. nancta]
                                                   [Silene platyota]
                                                   [Silene verecunda ssp. andersonii]
                                                   [Silene verecunda ssp. platyota]
                                                   [Silene verecunda ssp. verecunda]
                                             Silene virginica
                                                   [Silene virginica var. hallensis]
                                                   [Silene virginica var. robusta]
                                                   [Silene virginica var. virginica]
                                             Silene viscaria
                                               Silene viscaria ssp. viscaria
                                             Silene vulgaris
                                                   [Oberna commutata]
                                                   [Silene cucubalus]
                                                   [Silene inflata]
                                             Silene wahlbergella
                                             Silene wherryi
                                             Silene williamsii
                                                   [Silene menziesii ssp. williamsii]
                                                   [Silene menziesii var. williamsii]
                                             Silene wrightii
                                     Siphonychia
                                     Spergella
                                     Spergula
                                             Spergula arvense
                                             Spergula arvensis
                                                   [Spergula arvense var. arvense]
                                                   [Spergula arvensis ssp. arvensis]
                                                   [Spergula arvensis ssp. sativa]
                                                   [Spergula arvensis var. sativa]
                                                   [Spergula sativa]
                                             Spergula morisonii
                                             Spergula pentandra
                                     Spergularia
                                             Spergularia atrosperma
                                             Spergularia bocconi
                                                   [Spergularia bocconii]
                                                   [Tissa luteola]
                                             Spergularia canadensis
                                               Spergularia canadensis var. canadensis
                                               Spergularia canadensis var. occidentalis
                                             Spergularia diandra
                                                   [Spergularia salsuginea]
                                             Spergularia echinosperma
                                                   [Spergularia salsuginea var. bracteata]
                                             Spergularia macrotheca
                                               Spergularia macrotheca var. leucantha
                                               Spergularia macrotheca var. longistyla
                                               Spergularia macrotheca var. macrotheca
                                             Spergularia marginata
                                             Spergularia maritima
                                             Spergularia media
                                               Spergularia media var. media
                                             Spergularia platensis
                                               Spergularia platensis var. platensis
                                             Spergularia purpurea
                                             Spergularia rubra
                                                   [Spergularia rubra var. perennans]
                                                   [Tissa rubra]
                                             Spergularia salina
                                                   [Spergularia alata]
                                                   [Spergularia leiosperma]
                                                   [Spergularia marina var. leiosperma]
                                                   [Spergularia marina var. marina]
                                                   [Spergularia marina var. simonii]
                                                   [Spergularia marina var. tenuis]
                                                   [Spergularia marina]
                                                   [Spergularia salina var. salina]
                                                   [Spergularia salina var. tenuis]
                                                   [Spergularia sparsiflora]
                                                   [Spergularia tenuis var. involucrata]
                                                   [Tissa marina]
                                                   [Tissa tenuis]
                                             Spergularia tenuis
                                             Spergularia villosa
                                                   [Spergularia clevelandii]
                                                   [Tissa clevelandii]
                                     Spergulastrum
                                     Stipulicida
                                             Stipulicida filiformis
                                             Stipulicida setacea
                                               Stipulicida setacea var. lacerata
                                               Stipulicida setacea var. setacea
                                     Tissa
                                             Tissa canadensis
                                     Tryphane
                                     Tunica
                                             Tunica saxifraga
                                     Vaccaria
                                             Vaccaria hispanica
                                                   [Saponaria vaccaria]
                                                   [Vaccaria pyramidata]
                                                   [Vaccaria segetalis]
                                                   [Vaccaria vaccaria]
                                                   [Vaccaria vulgaris]
                                     Velezia
                                             Velezia rigida
                                     Viscaria
                                             Viscaria viscosa
                                             Viscaria vulgaris
                                     Wahlbergella
                                             Wahlbergella attenuata
                                             Wahlbergella drummondii
                                             Wahlbergella striata
                                             Wahlbergella tayloriae
                                     Wilhelmsia
                                             Wilhelmsia physodes
                                                   [Merckia physodes]

Problematic Rooting (503076)
                                             Melandrium affine
                                             Melandrium angustiflorum
                                             Melandrium apetalum
                                             Melandrium brachycalyx
                                             Melandrium drummondii
                                             Melandrium furcatum
                                             Melandrium macrospermum
                                             Melandrium soczavianum
                                             Melandrium taimyrense
                                             Melandrium tayloriae
                                             Melandrium tenellum

Problematic Rooting (503094)
                                             Lychnis affinis
                                             Lychnis apetala
                                             Lychnis apetela
                                             Lychnis attenuata
                                             Lychnis drummondii
                                             Lychnis furcata
                                             Lychnis gillettii
                                             Lychnis pudica
                                             Lychnis stellata
                                             Lychnis tayloriae
                                             Lychnis viscaria

Problematic Rooting (503097)
                                             Nyachia pulvinata